The leading French sculptor of his time.
His works, expressing a rhythm and variety that were in opposition to contemporary French academic sculpture, form a prelude to the sculpture of Auguste Rodin.
For some time Carpeaux was a student of the prominent French sculptor François Rude.
Winning the 1854 Rome Prize enabled him to live at Rome (1854-61), where he was influenced by the works of such Italian Renaissance sculptors as Michelangelo, Donatello and Verrocchio.
He established his reputation with Ugolino and His Sons (1861), a dramatic bronce for the Tuileries Gardens, Paris, and won favour at the court of Napoleon III, receiving many commissions for portrait busts.
His most famous work The Dance (completed 1869), a sculptural group for the facade of the Paris Opéra, created a sensation and was attacked as immoral.
His works were frequently the subject of hostile criticism and in his last years he suffered from fears of persecution.
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